As a core area of the industrial circular economy, electromechanical product remanufacturing is not only a key path to solve the industrial dilemma of "prioritizing manufacturing over recycling" but also an important means to achieve the "dual carbon" goals. Recently, in the *Catalogue of Advanced and Applicable Processes, Technologies and Equipment for National Industrial Resource Comprehensive Utilization (2025 Edition)* (hereinafter referred to as the *Catalogue*) jointly released by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, the National Development and Reform Commission, and the Ministry of Ecology and Environment, the six core technologies in the electromechanical product remanufacturing sector—centered on "whole-life cycle efficiency improvement"—have built a complete technical system from key component repair to whole-machine performance upgrading. This provides a practical and promotable solution for the green transformation of China's electromechanical industry.

China is the world's largest manufacturer and user of electromechanical products. The total capacity of industrial motors alone exceeds 3 billion kilowatts, and over 10 million sets of electromechanical equipment are scrapped annually. However, industry development is seriously mismatched with resource scale and market demand: traditional maintenance can only simply restore equipment functions, failing to solve core issues such as precision degradation and service life reduction; restricted by technical bottlenecks and lack of standards, China's electromechanical equipment remanufacturing rate is less than 10%, far lower than the over 30% level in developed countries. A large number of retired equipment do not enter the recycling system, causing severe waste of resources such as steel.

The *Catalogue* comes at the right time. Focusing on key fields such as mining, metallurgy, and high-end manufacturing, it drives the industry to leap from "passive repair" to "active remanufacturing" through "technological breakthroughs - efficiency upgrading - green transformation". It not only provides a path for the recycling of retired equipment but also realizes the qualitative change from "turning waste into treasure" to "turning waste into high-quality products" by improving the precision, service life, and energy efficiency of remanufactured products, providing key support to solve the industry's development bottlenecks. Although the electromechanical remanufacturing industry has started, it still faces prominent shortcomings in technology application, standards, and market awareness. The core value of the *Catalogue* lies in taking technological innovation as a breakthrough to build solutions for core industrial pain points. The included technologies are not scattered process overlays but a systematic technology matrix built around industry shortcomings. Specifically, the six technologies in the *Catalogue* are not isolated—they form a technology network covering "large-scale equipment - precision components - general equipment", with innovative value reflected in three dimensions:

I. Qualitative Change from "Dimensional Restoration" to "Performance Leap"

Breaking the limitation of traditional remanufacturing's "repairing old to be like old", performance surpassing is achieved through material innovation and process optimization. For the remanufacturing of wear-resistant components of mechanical equipment, independently developed gradient surfacing materials are used—the hardness of the deposited metal exceeds 60HRC, and remains above 50HRC at 600℃, with wear resistance 20% higher than the industry level; the surfacing technology for hot-rolled strip mill rolls, through the gradient design of the transition layer and working layer, doubles the service life of the rolls. Each roll can replace 5 newly manufactured rolls, with a material saving rate of 83.3%.

II. Upgrading from "Experience-based Repair" to "Digital Empowerment"

The application of big data and precision testing technology has brought remanufacturing into the era of "precision repair". For the remanufacturing of mining hydraulic supports, big data is used to analyze equipment working conditions and optimize repair plans; for the remanufacturing of high-precision gearboxes, laser 3D scanning and digital speckle interferometry are adopted to achieve a micro-deformation detection accuracy of ≤10μm, doubling the domestic level. This "data-driven" model shifts remanufacturing from relying on technicians' experience to standardized and intelligent operations.

III. Expansion from "Single Field" to "Cross-industry Adaptation"

Technical solutions balance universality and scenario specificity to cover multiple fields. The permanent magnetization remanufacturing of old motors is applicable to industries such as building materials, mining, and oil fields—through rotor structure optimization, the power factor is increased to 0.90-0.98; the remanufacturing of high-precision gearboxes has been implemented in industries such as wind power, metallurgy, and cement. A 1.5MW wind power gearbox achieves an annual carbon reduction of 42,315 tons of CO₂e, reducing carbon emissions by 46.52%. This "one technology with multiple functions" feature greatly improves the economics of technology promotion.

The value of electromechanical product remanufacturing technologies in the *Catalogue* is not limited to the theoretical "advanced technology"—it is more necessary to connect the key links from "laboratory" to "production line" and from "single-point application" to "industrial popularization". Currently, the remanufacturing industry faces practical obstacles such as high technology implementation costs, weak industrial chain collaboration, and insufficient market trust. Relying solely on enterprises' spontaneous promotion will easily lead to the "technological island" dilemma. Therefore, it is necessary to build a multi-dimensional support system with systematic thinking: break institutional barriers through policy guidance, standardize industrial order through standard construction, activate demand potential through market cultivation, and form a positive cycle of "technological breakthroughs - policy support - market response". This will truly transform the precision, energy-saving, and cost advantages of the *Catalogue* technologies into the scale, competitive, and ecological advantages of the electromechanical remanufacturing industry. Specific efforts can be made in the following four aspects:

I. Improve the Standard System and Evaluation Mechanism

China's electromechanical remanufacturing already has a foundation of standards and certification. Since 2012, national standards such as *General Technical Requirements for Mechanical Product Remanufacturing* have been implemented, with subsequent detailed standards introduced one after another; since 2010, professional institutions have carried out certification in accordance with the *Interim Measures for the Administration of Remanufactured Product Certification*. Combined with the *Catalogue*, it is necessary to further optimize, integrate, and update existing standards, accelerate the formulation of *General Technical Specifications for Electromechanical Product Remanufacturing*, clarify quality classification, testing methods, and environmental protection requirements, and further refine the certification system to strengthen market trust with authoritative endorsement.

II. Strengthen Industrial Chain Collaboration and Platform Construction

Rely on industrial clusters to build "electromechanical remanufacturing industrial parks", integrate resources of recycling enterprises, testing institutions, and repair manufacturers, and realize the seamless connection of "used product recycling - testing - repair - reuse". Build a "remanufacturing technology sharing platform", open key technical resources such as laser cladding parameter databases and spindle precision testing algorithms, and reduce the technical application threshold for small and medium-sized enterprises.

III. Optimize Policy Support and Market Cultivation

Expand the scope of government procurement of remanufactured products, launch "replace old with remanufactured" pilots in industries such as mining and metallurgy, and reduce enterprises' application costs through financial subsidies. Strengthen consumer education, and break the cognitive misunderstanding that "remanufactured products are second-hand goods" through forms such as "remanufactured product performance comparison exhibitions".

IV. Promote Technological Iteration and International Alignment

Conduct continuous R&D around the *Catalogue* technologies, such as exploring remanufacturing technologies for high-end equipment such as aero-engines and robots, and breaking through "chokepoint" links. Actively participate in the formulation of international remanufacturing standards, transform technologies such as hydraulic support remanufacturing and motor permanent magnetization modification into international standards, and enhance the industry's right to speak.

Electromechanical product remanufacturing is not only a resource recycling method of "turning waste into treasure" but also an important path for the transformation and upgrading of the manufacturing industry. The release of the *Catalogue* has injected strong momentum into the industry's development. With the large-scale application of technologies and the continuous improvement of the industrial ecosystem, China's electromechanical remanufacturing industry will realize the leap from "following" to "leading" and provide a "Chinese solution" for the global industrial green transformation.